Centos 7.6通过rpm安装MySQL 5.7.38
1、通过wget下载MySQL的rpm
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm输出内容如下：
[root@admin ~]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm--2022-05-10 13:58:29-- https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpmResolving dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)... 137.254.60.11Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|137.254.60.11|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 FoundLocation: https://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm [following]--2022-05-10 13:58:30-- https://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpmResolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 92.122.253.200Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|92.122.253.200|:443... connected.HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OKLength: 9224 (9.0K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]Saving to: ‘mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm’100%[============================================================================>] 9,224 --.-K/s in 0s 2022-05-10 13:58:31 (103 MB/s) - ‘mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm’ saved [9224/9224]2、检查是否存在MySql的repo
[root@admin ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/[root@admin yum.repos.d]# lsrhel.repo可以看到没有MySql的repo
3、安装MySQL的repo，并查看是否安装成功
[root@admin ~]# rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm warning: mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEYPreparing... ################################# [100%]Updating / installing... 1:mysql57-community-release-el7-9 ################################# [100%][root@admin ~]# cd -/etc/yum.repos.d[root@admin yum.repos.d]# lsmysql-community.repo mysql-community-source.repo rhel.repo4、查看系统原来是否存在MySQL包
[root@admin yum.repos.d]# rpm -qa | grep mysqlmysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch可以看到只有我们刚才安装的包，没有其他的mysql包。
5、安装MySQL
[root@admin yum.repos.d]# yum install -y mysql-serverLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacksLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfilemysql-connectors-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00 mysql-tools-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00 mysql57-community | 2.6 kB 00:00:00 (1/3): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 86 kB 00:00:01 (2/3): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 87 kB 00:00:01 (3/3): mysql57-community/x86_64/primary_db | 306 kB 00:00:01 Resolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.38-1.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.7.38-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64--> Running transaction check---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.38-1.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 for package: mysql-community-client-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.38-1.el7 will be installed--> Running transaction check---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.38-1.el7 will be installed--> Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved====================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size======================================================================================================================Installing: mysql-community-server x86_64 5.7.38-1.el7 mysql57-community 178 MInstalling for dependencies: mysql-community-client x86_64 5.7.38-1.el7 mysql57-community 28 M mysql-community-common x86_64 5.7.38-1.el7 mysql57-community 311 k mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.7.38-1.el7 mysql57-community 2.6 MTransaction Summary======================================================================================================================Install 1 Package (+3 Dependent packages)Total download size: 208 MInstalled size: 890 MDownloading packages:warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql57-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEYPublic key for mysql-community-common-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed(1/4): mysql-community-common-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 311 kB 00:00:01 (2/4): mysql-community-libs-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.6 MB 00:00:04 (3/4): mysql-community-client-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 28 MB 00:00:37 (4/4): mysql-community-server-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 178 MB 00:02:13 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Total 1.5 MB/s | 208 MB 00:02:18 Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysqlImporting GPG key 0x5072E1F5: Userid : "MySQL Release Engineering " Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5 Package : mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch (installed) From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysqlPublic key for mysql-community-server-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed Failing package is: mysql-community-server-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64 GPG Keys are configured as: file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql执行命令后，正常下载即可，但是下载完后会有个告警
失败的软件包是：mysql-community-server-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64
GPG密钥配置为：file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
处理办法：修改 /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo，找到你安装的MySql版本。修改其中的gpgcheck=0即可,默认值为1
[root@VM-4-16-centos yum.repos.d]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
6、启动MySQL服务并查看启动状态
启动Mysql错误：[root@admin ~]# systemctl start mysqld.serviceFailed to start mysqld.service: Unit not found.解决办法：首先需要安装mariadb-server安装mariadb-server[root@admin ~]# yum install -y mariadb mariadb-server mariadb.service# 启动服务[root@admin ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service# 添加到开机启动[root@admin ~]# systemctl enable mariadb.service再次启动Mysql[root@admin ~]# systemctl start mysqld.service7、查看启动状态
[root@admin ~]# systemctl status mysqld● mysqld.service - MySQL Server Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since Tue 2022-05-10 14:45:17 CST; 1min 59s ago Docs: man:mysqld(8) http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html Process: 4564 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Process: 3788 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 4567 (mysqld) Tasks: 27 CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service └─4567 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pidMay 10 14:44:36 admin systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...May 10 14:45:17 admin systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.runing表示已经启动
8、查看MySql的版本号
[root@admin ~]# mysql -Vmysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.38, for Linux (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper9、查看MySql初始密码
通过my.cnf文件找到log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log文件，在改文件中根据password关键字查询初始密码
[root@VM-4-16-centos ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf找到初始密码之后，就可以开始登录了
[root@VM-4-16-centos ~]# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log10、登录MySQL
[root@admin ~]# mysql -uroot -pEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection id is 2Server version: 5.7.38Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.---修改登录密码mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by "Root@123";Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)---开放连接权限mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Root@123' WITH GRANT OPTION;Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)安装完成！
